Whether it’s an AI deep-fake video, a phishing email, or a messenger on horseback with a sealed letter, scammers throughout history share these universal red flags:

Urgency: Creating artificial time pressure to force hasty decisions without proper consideration
Fear and Intimidation: Using threats of consequences, financial penalties, or legal action
Unsolicited Contact: Initiating the interaction, often claiming to represent trusted organizations
Too Good to Be True: Offering implausible rewards, unrealistic investment returns, or unlikely windfalls
Personal-Information Requests: Fishing for details that legitimate entities wouldn’t ask for in that manner

The technology may change from quill and parchment to sophisticated algorithms, but a scammer’s psychological tactics remain remarkably consistent throughout the ages.